善找主题句，巧解七选五

汕头市金砂中学 纪乐佳

文章的主旨是高考英语七选五的一个考查热点，主要考查三种形式：文章的标题、段落小标题和段落主题句。善找主题句，即能巧解七选五的这类考查题型。请跟笔者一起从历年高考真题入手，了解解题技巧。

一

考查段落小标题

【典例1】

（2016全国II卷）

A garden that’s just right for you

    Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts?_____F_____ .But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.

    ● _____37_____.

    Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)._____E_____ . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.

A. Know why you garden

B. Find a good place for your own garden

C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters

D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers

E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants

F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too

G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have 

37. 选A 

【思路点拨】

1.位置判断：空格是段落的小标题，必是考查该段落的主旨。

2.分析上下文，找关键词：由下文 “garden”和段落的中心句“However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.（然而，很多原因可以解释为什么你想建立花园。）” 可知本段叙述的是建立花园的原因。

3.对照选项匹配：关键词“garden”和“why”与A项“Know why you garden”对应，故A符合题意。

【规律总结】第一步，先由空格位置判断出考查的是段落小标题，那就意味着考查的肯定是下文段落的主要内容；第二步结合下文找中心句和关键词句，特别留意therefore, however, in a word 之类的词汇之后的句子，可能就是该段的中心句；第三步甄别关键词与哪个选项对应，一旦中心意思匹配，该选项即是答案。

二

考查段落主题句

【典例2】

（2015全国I卷）

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

    Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences,……

    _____38_____  having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

    _____39_____  If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.

A.Learn to really trust yourself.

B.It is putting confidence in someone.

C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

38. 选A 

【思路点拨】

1.位置判断：空格处于段首，必是考查段落主题句。

2.分析上下文，找关键词：由下文 “having confidence in yourself” 可知本段叙述的是对自己要有信心。

3.对照选项匹配：关键词“having confidence in yourself”与A项中“trust yourself”对应，故A符合题意。

39. 选 C

【思路点拨】

1.位置判断：空格处于段首，必是考查段落主题句。

2.分析上下文，找关键词句：由下文关键句“If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. ”和关键词“a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”” 和“we’ll have our trust tested or violated”可知，本段叙述的是不要总把自己认为是被欺骗的受害者。

对照选项匹配：关键词“victim”与C项中“Stop regarding yourself as the victim.”对应，且中心意思一致，故C符合题意。

【规律总结】第一步，先由空格位置判断出考查的是段落主题句，第二步结合下文找中心意思和关键词句，第三步甄别关键词与哪个选项对应，一旦中心意思匹配，该选项即是答案。

三

考查全文的主题句或总结句

【典例3】

（2017全国I卷）

    If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me.  _____36_____ .

    ……

  _____40_____ . It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

A. This time there was no tent.

B. Things are going to be improved.

C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.

D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.

E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. 

F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.

G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 

36. 选 D 

【思路点拨】

1.位置判断：空格处于首段段末，可判断出考查的有可能是：1）承接句2）带有转折性或启发性的总起句。

2.分析上下文，找关键词句：由空格前“If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.”可知，作者一开始是不喜欢camping（露营）的，但从下文几段的叙述却发现作者逐渐爱上露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。故此判断此处应是一个转折性的总起句。

3.对照选项匹配：根据D项中“however” 表转折，与上一步的判断对应，再D项中“since then”承上，“I was to learn a lot about camping ”启下，是下文的总起，故D符合题意。

40. 选E

【思路点拨】

1.位置判断：空格处于末段段首，本文又是夹叙夹议的文章，很大可能是文章的总结句。

2.分析上下文，找关键词句：根据下文“It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.”可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据上文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。

3.对照选项匹配：关E项“I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营)”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了下文。故E项符合题意。

【规律总结】第一步，先由空格位置判断出考查的是首段的总起句或末段的总结句，第二步结合上下文找中心意思和关键词句，第三步甄别关键句与哪个选项对应，两者可衔接，一旦可衔接上，能起总起或总结作用，该选项即是答案。

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